What is Herniated Disk?
A herniated disk is an injury to a spinal disk, which is the cushion that separates the vertebrae in the spine. When a disk is herniated, it is pushed out of its normal position and can press on spinal nerves, causing pain. Herniated disks usually occur in the lower back, but they can also occur in the neck.
Herniated disks are one of the most common causes of lower back pain. They are also known as slipped disks or ruptured disks. The most common symptom is lower back or neck pain. But other symptoms may include numbness, tingling, and muscle weakness in the affected area.
What Causes a Herniated Disk?
Herniated disks are often caused by a combination of factors. Age-related wear and tear, trauma or injury, and excessive strain on the back can all contribute to disk herniation. As we age, our disks become less flexible and more prone to tearing or bulging.
Excessive strain on the spine can also lead to disk herniation. Heavy lifting, awkward twisting, or other activities that put stress on the back can cause a herniated disk. Poor posture, obesity, and smoking can also increase your risk.
Diagnosing a Herniated Disk
Your doctor will begin by taking your medical history and performing a physical examination. They may also order imaging tests, such as an X-ray, MRI, or CT scan, to confirm the diagnosis.
Your doctor may also perform a nerve conduction study, which involves passing a small electric current through the nerves to measure their response. This test can help your doctor determine whether the herniated disk is pressing on a nerve.
Treating a Herniated Disk
Treatment for a herniated disk usually begins with conservative measures, such as rest, pain medications, and physical therapy. In some cases, your doctor may recommend corticosteroid injections or surgery.
If nonsurgical treatments don’t relieve your pain, your doctor may recommend surgery. Surgery for a herniated disk involves removing the herniated portion of the disk in order to relieve pressure on the affected nerve.
Preventing a Herniated Disk
You can reduce your risk of a herniated disk by taking steps to maintain a healthy back. That includes maintaining a healthy weight, practicing good posture, and avoiding activities that put too much strain on your back.
You should also make sure to lift heavy objects properly. Lift with your legs, not your back, and always use proper lifting techniques.
If you experience any symptoms of a herniated disk, such as back or neck pain, numbness, or weakness, see your doctor. Early diagnosis and treatment can help reduce your risk of long-term complications.
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